Guides
The formats and protocols behind the tools, explained with real examples. Each guide links to the tool it belongs to, so you can read and then try.
JSON vs YAML: Key Differences and When to Use Each
JSON and YAML carry the same data but behave very differently: syntax, types, comments, failure modes and tooling, plus a practical rule for choosing between them.
2026-10-22What Is a JWT? JSON Web Tokens Explained
A JSON Web Token is three Base64URL segments and a signature. How JWTs are structured, how the claims work, how verification really happens, and the mistakes that make them insecure.
2026-10-22Base64 Encoding Explained: Why It Exists and How It Works
Base64 turns binary data into safe text at a 33% size cost. Why the internet needed it, how the 3-bytes-to-4-characters trick works, the variants, and the mistakes to avoid.
2026-10-22Unix Timestamps Explained: Epoch Time, Milliseconds and Time Zones
What a Unix timestamp counts, why seconds and milliseconds keep getting mixed up, what happens in 2038, and how time zones, UTC and GMT fit in — with examples.